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CAS No. | 7647-01-0 |
Chemical Name: | Hydrochloric acid |
Synonyms: | HCL;Basilin;NA 1789;Itaconic;Salzsaeure;bowlcleaner;Chlorowodor;Marine acid;caswellno486;spiritsofsalt |
CBNumber: | CB7421538 |
Molecular Formula: | ClH |
Formula Weight: | 36.46 |
MOL File: | 7647-01-0.mol |
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Hydrochloric acid Property |
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density : |
1.2 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
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vapor density : |
1.3 (vs air)
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vapor pressure : |
613 psi ( 21.1 °C)
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solubility : |
H2O: soluble
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Water Solubility : |
miscible |
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Sensitive : |
Air & Light Sensitive |
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Stability:: |
Stable. Incompatible with alkalies, most metals. Avoid contact with water. |
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Hydrochloric acid Chemical Properties,Usage,Production |
Chemical Properties
colourless gas |
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Air & Water Reactions
Fumes strongly in moist air. Soluble in water with evolution of heat. |
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Reactivity Profile
ANHYDROUS HYDROGEN CHLORIDE is an anhydrous (no water) strong acid. Reacts rapidly and exothermically with bases of all kinds (including amines and amides). Reacts exothermically with carbonates (including limestone and building materials containing limestone) and hydrogen carbonates to generate carbon dioxide. Reacts with sulfides, carbides, borides, and phosphides to generate toxic or flammable gases. Reacts with many metals (including aluminum, zinc, calcium, magnesium, iron, tin and all of the alkali metals) to generate flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts violently with acetic anhydride, 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, calcium phosphide, chlorosulfonic acid, 1,1-difluoroethylene, ethylenediamine, ethyleneimine, oleum, perchloric acid, b-propiolactone, propylene oxide, silver perchlorate/carbon tetrachloride mixture, sodium hydroxide, uranium(IV) phosphide, vinyl acetate, calcium carbide, rubidium carbide, cesium acetylide, rubidium acetylide, magnesium boride, mercury(II) sulfate [Lewis]. Undergoes a very energetic reaction with calcium phosphide [Mellor 8:841(1946-1947)]. Corrosive to metals and tissues and irritating to the eyes and respiratory system. Corrodes galvanized or copper-alloy metals (brass, bronze); fittings of stainless steel or mild or cast steel must therefore be used. Reacts with calcium carbide with incandescence [Mellor 5:862(1946-1947]. Absorption on mercuric sulfate becomes violent at 125°C. [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:462(1956)]. |
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Health Hazard
Gas concentrations of 50 to 100 ppm are tolerable for 1 hour. Concentrations of 1,000 to 2,000 ppm are dangerous, even for brief exposures. More severe exposures will result in serious respiratory distress and prolonged exposures will result in death. Mists of hydrochloric acid are considered less harmful than anhydrous hydrochloric acid, because droplets have no dehydrating action. Individuals with respiratory problems and digestive diseases may be adversely affected by low level exposures to the gas or mist. |
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Fire Hazard
Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases. Containers may explode in heat of fire. At high temperatures, Hydrochloric acid decomposes into hydrogen and chlorine. The following materials should be avoided: Mercuric sulfate -- violent reaction with gaseous hydrochloric acid at 250F. Sodium -- reacts vigorously with gaseous hydrochloric acid. Acetic anhydride, 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, oleum, propiolactone, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, and vinyl acetate -- increase in temperature and pressure when mixed with hydrochloric acid. Calcium phosphide -- energetic reaction with hydrochloric acid. Silver perchlorate and carbon tetrachloride -- when mixed in combination with hydrochloric acid forms a compound that detonates at 105F. Formaldehyde -- when mixed with hydrochloric acid forms a human carcinogen. Material reacts violently with bases and is corrosive with the generation of heat. Reacts with base metals, forming combustible gas (hydrogen). Reacts violently with strong oxidants forming toxic gas (chlorine). Avoid heat; at high temperatures Hydrochloric acid will decompose into hydrogen and chlorine. |
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Hydrochloric acid Preparation Products And Raw materials |
Raw materials
Nitrogen
Compressor
Sodium chloride
Chlorine
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Potassium chloride
Sodium carbonate
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Preparation Products
(E)-2-(2-Nitroethenyl)thiophene
Pigment Yellow 14
2-Chloroethyl chloroformate
4,6-DIMETHOXYPYRIMIDINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID
1,2,3,4-THIATRIAZOL-5-AMINE
4-Nitrophenyl isocyanate
3-Phenoxypropionic acid
2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethanol
Potassium clavulanate
2-Chloro-3,4-diaminopyridine
1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin
C^{12^} fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate
trans-Ferulic acid
4,6-DIMETHYL-2-THIOPYRIMIDINE
tert-Butylferrocene
Ethylenediamine dihydrochloride
2-FLUOROPHENETHYL ALCOHOL
2,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid
Rubber peptizer
1,2,4,5-Tetrafluorobenzene
3-Hydroxy-2-iodo-6-methylpyridine
1H-Benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid
METHYLENEDIPHOSPHONIC ACID
STRONTIUM HYDROXIDE OCTAHYDRATE
Sodium 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonate
Daidzein
4-METHOXY-3-METHYLBENZYL CHLORIDE
QUINUCLIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE
4-NITROISOPHTHALIC ACID
4-CARBOXYPHENYL ISOTHIOCYANATE
C.I.Vat Red 29
4-Deoxypyridoxine hydrochloride
N-(2-Naphthyl)aniline
3,5-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate
1,2-Difluorobenzene
Granisetron hydrochloride
Chlortetracycline hydrochloride
QUINOXALINE-2,3-DICARBOXYLIC ACID
Propyl chloroformate
Norfloxacin Hcl
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Hydrochloric acid Suppliers Global( 0)Suppliers |
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